The Civil Society between Islam and the West

First: The Civil Society or the Nation in the Islamic Scope:

The civil society as a human experience, and not as a term, was found among all the nations that knew the forms of cooperation and social interdependence, in which people were organized as a cooperative entity independent from the State. If we look at the scope of the Islamic and Arab experience, we will find that a lot of the concepts of the civil society were known, but the term itself did not exist. In fact, there was another term that referred to the entity which represents the regulatory framework which stands for the State regulatory framework or the Caliphate, known as ‘Ummah’. If the term referring to this entity in the West is ‘the civil society’ for the system of the State, then its term in the Islamic civilization is ‘Ummah’ for the Caliphate system